Islam and Love

Islam and Love

Lecture by Sheikh Yaser Birjas

Opening

I would like to thank everybody for being here this evening, which is Sunday night. And I know most of you guys should be preparing for tomorrow, which is Monday, and you are probably experiencing a new week of studies on how to work. So I really appreciate you taking the time and coming here to listen to this lecture. In addition to that, I don't know whether it's kind of cold, but hopefully, inshallah, there are those lamps in front of you on the table, plus the topic itself will be kind of warm to your soul, to your mind, and to your body, inshallah.

Introduction

As we thought, there are people around the world who are falling in love, and there are people who are falling out of love. So you see that romance, love, marriage is an essential part of the human experience. It is something that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala made for us in order to make us those perfect creatures, human beings.

And for many people, when we talk about love and Islam, it doesn't really match. They think that it's almost impossible to bring love to a topic like Islam. And of course, in light of what we see on the news, the violence that has taken place in the Muslim world everywhere, even in masajid and kind of preaching their view for Muslims and so on.

So what really Islam has to do with love? How can we explain to the people that love is indeed a very important aspect of Islam? Well, Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), when he was sent with the Qur'an, Allah said:

"We have sent you, O Muhammad, but as a mercy for mankind." So if Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was sent as a mercy for mankind, what does that mean? It means everything that we as human beings would require and need to live our life should be provided by the example of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). And we will see in this lecture a beautiful experience, a beautiful example of

Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), specifically in a topic that is rarely associated to hear about in masajid or religious preaching, and that is love.

Personal Experience

Give you my own experience. Growing up in a Muslim environment and kind of very conservative community, I would say, was kind of hard really to express your love. You cannot really express those feelings.

Why? Because they are flowing from inside outside. It's out of your control sometimes. So how can you do that? You see, so speaking about this topic in a Muslim community would be very hard and difficult.

I mean, the last person you would like to talk to in this kind of environment would be your father or your mom. So growing in this kind of culture, you even come to learn that talking about love is something shameful. Oh my God, you cannot say that unless you've met it.

Once you get married, fine, you're welcome. You can express those feelings. Also, you would go sometimes to search in Muslim library or bookstore, and you go through the books of Qur'an and Sharia, and in the middle, there are some titles, like Tawq al-Hamamah, The Ring of the Dove by Ibn Hazm, rahimahullah wa ta'ala, Raud al-Muhibbin, The Garden of the Lovers by Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, rahimahullah wa ta'ala, those kind of beautiful titles.

But once you read them, you say, oh my God, what those books are doing over here. So they become like taboo because you get that culture, you get that sense, feeling of guilt. You know, you are not yet ready to read those books.

Once you get married, you read them. But subhanallah, this book will come when you get a chance to read this, and I did when I was a student in Medina. It was really amazing that when you read those beautiful words from scholars, ulema, that we all know about them being great fuqaha, that their specialty is only in jurisprudence and law and sharia and theology, but when they talk about love, you don't even think that those people, they know anything about sharia.

Because in our mind, love, talking about love, talking about law and Islamic law and system, is a completely different story. Here in America, as a result of this, we will see that most people who come from a, I'm going to talk about Muslim community here specifically, they come from an immigrant background, it's their parents, and therefore they fall into this cultural gap. Their parents have their own culture regarding these issues, and those kids are developing their own culture about it.

And that's when the struggle starts taking place. Parents are trying to impose their own definition of love on their kids, and those kids are now trying to force their parents to change to the new culture. And what happens? Tension that cannot be solved easily.

Love as Universal Language

Love is natural. It's a human passion, and it's a universal language. It has nothing to do with religion, faith, in the sense that all people from all backgrounds, all ethnicities, all languages, all colors, all faiths, will experience this human and universal language that is love.

Every single human being would like to be loved by someone, I would like to experience that love towards someone else. Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala did not suppress those feelings. Allah azza wa jal allowed us to express those, but definitely in the most lawful manner and the best etiquette, and that's the etiquette of Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wasallam).

The Prophet's Example with Love

One time Aisha radiallahu anha, his wife, his young wife, she heard the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) mentioning Khadijah, who died years before he even married her. So she got very upset, kind of jealous. Aisha was a very jealous woman.

So she spoke against Khadijah. She said, Ya Rasulullah, what do you mean with Khadijah right now? She's already dead and she's already gone and she's become, you know, dust. When Allah jalla jalaalahu blessed you with a young lady like yourself.

And the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) got very upset. He said, Don't say that about Khadijah. Or, I was blessed with her love. Another translation, I was blessed with love for her. Either way, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) loved Khadijah so much that he was so loyal, so grateful to her, radiallahu ta'ala, even after her death. Even Aisha, who was the most beloved amongst the wives of Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to him, he could not let her speak anything against Khadijah even though she was already dead.

Definition of Love in Arabic

Let's see what's the definition of love. When people talk about love, there are two major definitions of love. Number one, love has passions and emotions that you express for someone else.

And number two, a sexual desire. That's all. So when people think about love, some think of it as an emotion, passion, experience, and some, they think of it as a lust and desire.

Men and women think of it differently. However, those are the most important two definitions of love. If you open any books, any dictionaries, that's what you get from those definitions.

In the Arabic language itself, it has a so unique definition for love. Let's go through this. Who knows what is the Arabic word for love? What is it? Al-hubb.

In the Arabic language, the word love is hubb. How many letters do we have here? Do you know? How many letters do we have in the word al-hubb? Two. Two.

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah in his book Madarij al-Salikin, he made an analysis, basically like an anatomy of love from the word love itself, hubb, in the Arabic language. He says, number one, the word hubb in the Arabic language, love, consists of two letters. He says this is a symbol to remind people that love is always a thing to be done between a man and a woman.

Then, he goes further, saying, the structure of the Arabic language is so unique. You know, if you study the articulation points of Arabic alphabets and the characteristics of Arabic alphabets, and this is part of the science of Tajweed, for those who would like to really learn the beauty of the Arabic language, learn how to recite the Qur'an perfectly.

Some of those qualities and characteristics of Arabic alphabets are so unique that cannot be found probably in other languages. Those letters, they have qualities and characteristics that form a word. Out of those letters, the word itself should carry a meaning that is related to this quality or characteristic of that alphabet. For example, the letter sheen in the Arabic language.

If you open the book of Tajweed, one of the main characteristics of sheen in the Arabic language, is an intishar, dispersion, spreading out. Any Arabic word that has the letter sheen in it should carry a sense of dispersion or intishar, spreading out. As an example, shams, the sun.

What does it do? Spreads what? Light, warmth, life, you name it. How about al-shaytan? Shaytan, what does he spread? Good. Iblees, the devil, spreads evil.

Shu'a, ray, and so on. And there are other examples in the Arabic language. When you use alphabets, they give those certain meanings.

Now let's see the word hubb itself. Ha and ba. We have ha and ba.

Letter ha, which is not a letter of an English language. Ha comes from the throat. It is the deepest Arabic alphabet. One of the deepest Arabic alphabets. Comes deep from the throat. That's a symbol.

That love comes from inside, outside. Because it comes from the throat. Plus, when you say it's coming from the throat, it's a symbol of what? Sometimes, because it's just like love.

It shocks you. When you think about your love, how do you feel? Especially at times of stress. You feel shocked with love.

People, they start crying. But they feel it in their throat. They can't even talk sometimes.

And that's why it's coming from the throat. Plus, it's coming with the dhamma. And the dhamma is a sound, a vowel in the Arabic language, that is also so profound and so strong.

Hubb. To show that love is a genuine and a very strong emotion. How about the letter Ba? The alphabet Ba.

It comes from the lips. And when you say hubb, how do you pronounce it? Hubb. Even the shape of, the shape of the letter Ba comes in one of the manifestations of love.

And that is a kiss. So it starts from inside, outside, with a symbol of love. That's why they call it in the Arabic language, hubb.

Nature of Love

How about the nature of love? The nature of love, many Muslim scholars, they wrote in their books about the different interpretation of love from different perspectives.

Even they included some of those philosophical studies that they brought from other cultures and civilizations. So some they explain love as being physical, from its physical aspect. Some they discuss love from its philosophical aspect, psychological, spiritual.

And they have developed many, many theories that even some of the contemporary theories that we use in the English language have been taken from some of those original Arabic and Islamic works about love. One of those unique theories is the theory of Ibn Hazm, rahimahullah ta'ala. Who believes that love is about the one, as they call it in the sculpture nowadays? Why? Because he believes that love starts in heavens.

It's about scattered souls who meet in the upper universe, and if they meet in the upper universe and they get the same opportunity to meet on earth, they will get that harmony and they'll love the love that their demon wants. And if they meet in heavens but they don't meet on earth, they won't get that love that they desire or maybe long for. That's his theory.

Muslim scholars are against this Ibn Hazm. This is not what was told. And they give their own theory of love, saying that love is about singularity, it's about resemblance, and to make it short, they say it's about compatibility.

That we have created, the son of Adam, he's Adam, man, in the best mode, and that's the perfect mode, creation. So, therefore, his theory is that because we are perfect, we also like to see something that's compatible, perfection. So, we always look and we always see that perfection will exist in beauty and beautiful images.

The Ruling on Love in Islam

Love and Relationships in Islam

But in reality, what is the ruling of Islam? Is it halal? Is it haram? Is it wajib? Is it prohibited? Is it mandatory? Is it permissible? Is it discouraged? What is the ruling of love? Most of our Muslim scholars also give the identical answer, saying that love is not a discipline by religion, nor prohibited by the law, or every part is in Allah's hand, in God's hand. You can't say about love that it's haram or halal, that it's prohibited, or that it's mandatory.

You can't say about it. Because when it's finished, it's haram. It's not a new hand, but you are going to be held accountable for the actions you take after you experience this love.

Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, in his book, Rawdat al-Muhibbin, he says that, as for the love of women, he used to love women, men to love women, he said it's not a blame-worthy thing. It's a sign of the human perfection. So, in Islam, we consider this as a sign of human perfection.

It's not a sin to feel that you love someone. It's not a sin that you really experience love, but it's what you do about it, the thing that you are going to be held accountable for. This is the case.

Love in the Quran

To what limit can we speak and where can we get the evidence for these in our Islamic law? The source of Sharia, the source of law, No. 1 is the Qur'an and No. 2 is the Sunnah, the tradition of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wasallam). Do we have anything in the Qur'an that speaks about love? Any evidences? For many people they think the Qur'an is just about halal, haram. Halal, haram.

That's all. It is permissible, prohibited and doesn't really talk about these kind of human subjects. No.

In the Qur'an, Allah (سبحانه وتعالى - subhanahu wa ta'ala) made love as one of His favours and one of His bounties on mankind. Saying:

"And among His signs is this, that He created for you mates from amongst yourselves, that you may dwell in tranquility with them. And He has put love and mercy between your hearts verily that are signs for those who reflect."

See this ayah starts with and amongst His signs. This verse is in chapter Ar-Rum, surah Ar-Rum. In that chapter, Allah (سبحانه وتعالى - subhanahu wa ta'ala) speaks about the favours and the bounties He bestowed upon human beings and mankind. The creation of earth, the creation of the heavens, the creation of this and that and so on. Among those beautiful bounties of Allah (سبحانه وتعالى - subhanahu wa ta'ala), the creation of love.

Mankind, and He gave us those two beautiful qualities. Love and mercy. Ibn Kathir, (رحمه الله تعالى - rahimahullah wa ta'ala), a Muslim scholar and a professor in history, commented in the Quran.

He derived from this ayah the two main components of a successful marriage. He says, marriage is just like a bird that flies with two wings. One is called love and the other one is called mercy.

If you want to fly high, you have to have love and mercy in that relationship. But if one wing becomes weaker, what happens? You start falling down. So you always have to practice that you keep flying higher and higher as much as possible by balancing between love and mercy.

Prophet's Love for His Wives

Allah (سبحانه وتعالى - subhanahu wa ta'ala) in many ayats in the Quran spoke about love and the concept of love as well. How about the tradition of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam)? Did the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) speak about love or was it something shameful that we can't talk about? No. We have to talk about it because the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) didn't feel shy when he was asked about his love.

Amr ibn al-As, may Allah have mercy on him, one time he asked the Prophet in public, who is the most beloved to you? The reason he asked the question is because he thought the answer would be himself. Because when the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) received him he embraced Islam kind of late, about in the 7th century year. And immediately the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam), even though Amr ibn al- As he fought against the Prophet for many years and now he's coming back as Muslim.

Immediately the Prophet, he acknowledged his qualities, his skills as a general. So he assigned him as the head of one of those military expeditions. On the way back, Amr ibn al-As was so proud of it.

But he acknowledged his skills. So immediately he asked him in front of the Prophet, Ya Rasulullah, who is the most beloved to you? And the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam), he was the most, he was actually, the trustworthy and the truthful man. (صلى الله عليه وسلم - Sallallahu alaihi wa sallam).

For me and you right now, we assume when Amr asked the Prophet about this question, he meant amongst men, of course. He didn't talk, he wasn't talking about his family. So the Prophet, immediately he answered with no hesitation.

He said, Aisha. Immediately, with her name, he said, Aisha. But he was surprised.

Amr ibn al-As said, no, no, I'm talking about men. Men. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) says, Abuha, her father.

Still he's saying, her father. Then he asked, who's next, who's next, few names, and then he stopped. And Harith said, Abuha.

Examples from the Prophet's Life

Also the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) one time received his daughter Fatima (رضي الله عنها - radiallahu anha), he was

already in bed with his wife Aisha. Fatima was complaining about Aisha. So you know, so a lot of other wives are complaining that everybody is waiting for her day so they can give their presents and gifts to you when she's in her house.

But once you move to another house, they stop, you know, giving those gifts, they keep waiting and so on. So they kind of get upset. So they want the Prophet to say something more.

The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) was there listening to Fatima (رضي الله عنها - radiallahu anha), his beloved daughter. And Aisha, she said, who was right in the store, she said, and I was just sitting there listening. Why? Because it's her husband, that's in law issue, so I don't want to interfere.

And she was just listening. Then the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) answered Fatima just to basically to close the subject. He said:

Don't you love what I love? She said, yes, Rasulullah. The Prophet then pointed to Aisha and said, then love her. What does that mean? He said, I love her, I don't want you to talk about her.

Just leave me and Aisha. Don't let anybody come to put you in that position anymore. And the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) answered her with those beautiful words, how much he loved his wife Aisha (رضي الله عنها - radiallahu anha).

The Story of Mughith and Barira

Here's another story. The Prophet, he wasn't just satisfied, you know, expressing his love naturally like this. He even he accepted and acknowledged that this happens in, you know, amongst human beings naturally. As an example for this, the story of Mughith and Barira. Mughith was a man and Barira was his wife.

They were married under the slavery system, when they had slavery system back then. When she became free, Aisha, she bought her and she freed Barira immediately. She became free.

She had the choice and the option of staying with her husband or just leave that marriage. She used to walk out from there. And she chose to be free.

So she left her husband. And now Mughith, her husband, for the first time he discovered that, oh my God, my wife is leaving me. He couldn't take it.

So he goes after his wife. Yeah, Barira, please, please, what's wrong? Let's come back again together. And she was resisting that.

He starts crying and going after her, pleading and, you know, begging her. No positive response from her. Completely neglected that.

He goes to seek intercession. He wants his people on his behalf. So he goes to some of the dignitaries of Medina, of the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam).

He didn't want. She was so stubborn. Then at the end he goes to the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam).

And he assumed the Prophet, the Messenger of God, I mean, what would he do to them? Should he give them another chance or maybe try on his behalf? I mean, what he would waste his time for, for something like this? A subject that might not be serious to some of the people. But the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) took the initiative. And he said, OK.

Can you imagine the feelings of Mughith when the Prophet accepted to intercede for him? He was so excited that the Prophet now was going to speak on his behalf to Barira, which means what? He's assuming that they would say, Yes, OK, I accept. The Prophet goes to Barira and he said, Ya Barira, why don't you get back to Mughith? She said, Ya Rasulullah, are you commanding me or interceding for him? He said, No, I'm just interceding.

I'm not imposing this on you. She said, If this is the case, if this is the case, then I don't need him. That's it.

And the Prophet went back to Mughith with the news. What do you expect Mughith to do? He broke down completely, in tears, crying, even it was mentioned that he kept going after her in Medina all day and night and walking, weeping and crying in the streets of Medina. But the one time, on occasion, the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was standing with his uncle, Abbas, and he saw Mughith doing that in the streets.

Then he goes to his uncle saying, Ya Abbas, isn't it so amazing how Mughith loves Barira so much and how Barira hates Mughith? He's telling us that love is a mysterious thing.

Guidance About Marriage for Those in Love

One time the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked a question by a man who was a guardian of a female orphan. He asked the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) about a proposal.

That young lady, she received a proposal from two people. One who was rich and the other was a poor man. Now if you were in his position, what would you choose? The rich or the poor? The rich.

Because she was an orphan, she didn't get an opportunity in this life, so I want to take care of her so I have status. Give her an opportunity in this life. But she had affection for the poor.

And so the man came to the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) saying, Ya Rasulullah, we really are inclining to the rich one, but she feels something for the poor one. So what should we do? The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) says:

(Sunan Ibn Majah 1847)

That we don't see anything better for those who are in love, but marriage. Means if they love each other, then they get married.

It doesn't matter, poor, whatever, if they are in love and seriously they are in love, then you better help them and facilitate that for them.

Marriage as a Strong Covenant

Now, I would like to conclude, inshallah, with some examples from the earnestness of love. When we say the earnestness of love, we talk about family life in Islam.

And family life in Islam has a very unique structure. We believe that Muslims as family is a divinely inspired institution. Why? Because Allah (سبحانه وتعالى - subhanahu wa ta'ala) when Allah spoke about marriage in the first place, said:

Allah (سبحانه وتعالى - subhanahu wa ta'ala) calls marriage in the Quran (مِيثَاقًا غَلِيظًا - mithaqan ghaleetha) which means a strong covenant.

Being a strong covenant, who made it so strong? Allah (سبحانه وتعالى - subhanahu wa ta'ala). And therefore you see in the Quran, the regulation and rules of marriage and divorce and family life are mentioned in details in the Quran and the tradition of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). Because it's not about me and you only, it's about us all.

Examples from the Prophet's Married Life

Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he experienced, he saw this love with his wife and he was very honest with it and very sincere (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). Because he knew that love is something that you do, you practice not just a little service.

And I'll just give you some of those examples, that one time Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) used to help, he was with his wife Safiyyah (رضي الله عنها - radiallahu anha). They were travelling in the desert and then he wanted to assist her to mount a camel. Right now, in this particular life, we don't have camels. Probably sometimes they do.

But he wants to assist his wife to ride the camel. Just like how you open the door. You open the door to let your wife in.

I know this is the first few probably months and weeks of marriage they would do that and then that's it. They have the remote control, they just open the door to let her in. But Rasulullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم - sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), when he wanted to help and assist his wife Safiyyah, he leans all the way down, himself.

And he made his knee as a step for his wife, Safiyyah, to step on his foot, on his thigh and jump on the camel. On the way, while she's going up, he was also feeling her and covering her in order so that when she raises her foot, she doesn't reveal the other leg.

Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, he also was very patient with his wife. He was a good listener. Very good listener. Most women they complain that men are not listening.

And Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam one time read from Aisha, a long, long story. It's called Hadith Umm Zahra. If you just read the story by itself, it would take about 5-7 minutes maybe, just reading it.

If you know that, of course, the language. But in the Arabic, I was kind of reading it but a little bit so it might take longer. However, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, he kept listening to her until she finished without interrupting.

He didn't say, so what's the point? No, he actually kept listening to her once. When she finished the story, he gave feedback, positive feedback. Saying, I will wait for you like Abu Zahra was for Umm Zahra.

The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam even when he used to call his wife Aisha, he used to call her with a beautiful name like "Aish," which is in the Arabic language is a sign like saying, for example, for Bushra, it's like my little daughter, we call her Shushu. So you call her Shushu, don't call her Bushra.

Aisha, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam used to call her sometimes Aish, and this is a sign of love as well. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam even used to feed his wife. You know when they sit together in a relationship and nice meal together, they eat.

He would love for her to eat and he made her playful with that as well. At one occasion, Aisha, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam presented a cup for her and she drank from that cup. He took it back again and he switched that cup.

He switched that cup towards him and then he just blows of course the taste of her lips and he put his lips on that same spot, drinking from that same spot. Why is that? As a sign of love. And Aisha, she said that even the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam when he used to leave the house, he would give her what we call goodbye kiss.

He would kiss her and leave to the masjid. Don't tell me that this is a lustful kiss. Why? Because he was fasting. He would be fasting sometimes, she said. He used to kiss his wife while he was fasting and he would go to the masjid. That's a kiss of respect, mercy and love.

Conclusion

The stories about the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam are amazing. And there are some even scholars, people, they don't even imagine that the Prophet would do that with his wife sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.

Like the wives of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam creating what we call nowadays practical jokes on him. They would do practical jokes on him.

And he would tolerate that. And he would just be happy. He would laugh at them.

Why? Because he was so tolerant sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, so loving and so understanding. That's just some of the examples from Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.

In conclusion, as you see, love, as I already mentioned, they say, women were the mysteries of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala in his creation. To say or claim that we have a clear definition of what love is all about, it is almost impossible. But we can make our own effort to explain that the way we think. However, just like what you probably heard, Muslim scholars, they also contribute to the theory of love, meaning it has nothing to do or does not contradict with the rulings of Islam, or the rulings of the sharia, as long as we always observe and we keep the consciousness of Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala between our eyes, Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala was ruling and ruling us.

Closing Dua

"Our Lord, grant us from among our wives and offspring comfort to our eyes and make us an example for the righteous."

"And may Allah send blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and companions, and grant them peace."

"I say this statement of mine, and I seek forgiveness from Allah for myself and for you and for all the Muslims, so seek forgiveness from Him. Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful."